Computer Graphics

Gaming Engine Architectures and Real Time Rendering Real time games rely on solid architecture and efficient rendering. A good engine keeps data flowing fast and visuals convincing without causing frame drops. This article looks at how engine design supports real time rendering, and which choices usually pay off. Architectural choices Entity Component System (ECS) for data locality and parallelism. Scene graph vs flat storage: trade-offs in traversal and memory. Modular design lets you swap backends and tools. Real Time Rendering Essentials The rendering pipeline turns 3D data into pixels. In practice, engines batch work and hide waits. Core steps include input assembly, vertex processing, rasterization, and pixel shading, followed by post-processing like tone mapping and color grading. ...

Computer Graphics: From Pixels to Realistic Rendering Computers turn 3D scenes into pictures. Rendering is the process that converts geometry, materials, and lights into an image. Over time, the goal has shifted from simple visuals to images that feel real. This article looks at the main ideas behind modern rendering, from the basic building blocks to the tricks used in movies and games. A graphics pipeline has several steps. Vertex processing prepares shapes, transforms them to camera space, and computes basic attributes. Rasterization then fills the screen with fragments. Each fragment gets a color from a shader that uses texture data, lighting, and material properties. The result should be a coherent image across frames, with consistent shading and shadows. ...