Web Applications

Application Security in a Modern Stack In 2025, apps run across clouds, containers, APIs, and edge services. Security must be continuous, not a single gate. Teams succeed when security is part of every phase: design, code, build, deploy, and run. Threat modeling and design Identify data and trust boundaries early. Create a simple data map: where data enters, how it moves, who can see it. Prioritize risks by impact and likelihood. Decide countermeasures up front, like input validation, auth checks, and encryption. Secure development lifecycle ...

Serverless architectures and their tradeoffs Serverless architectures let you run code without managing servers. You write small functions, and the platform handles provisioning, scaling, and maintenance. For many teams, this means faster iteration, fewer operational chores, and pay-per-use pricing. It can also simplify deployment and reduce capacity planning work. But there are tradeoffs. You trade some control for simplicity. Cold starts can add latency, especially in languages with longer startup times. Costs can surprise you at scale, and you may face vendor lock-in as you rely on platform-specific APIs and features. Debugging across distributed functions can be harder, and testing in isolation requires careful mocks and end-to-end tests. ...

Database Performance Tuning for High Traffic High traffic tests the database. Even small delays multiply when thousands of users request data at the same time. The goal is steady, predictable response times under load. Begin with workload understanding. Is the system read-heavy or write-heavy? Do reports run during peak hours? Gather baselines: average latency, the 95th percentile, and peak throughput. This helps you judge whether changes improve the real user experience. ...

Application Security by Design Application security by design means treating security as a product requirement from the start. It guides architecture, code choices, and operations, so vulnerabilities are prevented rather than fixed after release. Security is not just a wall around a system. It is a set of decisions about how data is handled, who can access it, and how mistakes are detected and contained. With this mindset, teams build trustworthy software that users can rely on. ...

VoIP and WebRTC: Real-Time Communication on the Web VoIP and WebRTC both handle sound, video, and data across the internet. VoIP is a broad term for voice over IP, used for traditional calls and many apps. WebRTC is a modern set of browser APIs that makes real-time communication possible without plugins. Together, they power chat apps, customer support, and remote collaboration in a simple, secure way. In practice, WebRTC organizes three things: media capture, peer connection, and signaling. Media capture uses getUserMedia to access the microphone and camera. RTCPeerConnection carries the audio and video between users. Signaling moves control messages—offers, answers, and ICE candidates—between peers, usually through your server. ...

Web Application Firewalls and Zero Trust Networking Web applications face many threats from bots, credential stuffing, SQL injection, and misconfigurations. A Web Application Firewall, or WAF, sits at the edge of the application to inspect traffic and block harmful requests. Zero Trust Networking changes how we trust traffic inside and around the network. Instead of assuming that anyone or anything inside is safe, Zero Trust checks every access attempt. Together, WAFs and Zero Trust give a practical, layered defense that protects users and data while remaining flexible for cloud and remote work. ...