Web Servers: The Backbone of the Internet Web servers are the software that respond when you press Enter on a web address. They store pages, images, and data, and they run on computers in data centers or the cloud. When you visit a site, your browser asks a domain name system to translate the address into an IP. The server then delivers the content you requested. This simple exchange keeps the web moving, and it happens in seconds for most users. ...
E-commerce Platforms Scaling Online Stores Growing an online store means more than adding products. It requires a platform that can handle traffic spikes, a fast checkout, and reliable data flows. The right plan blends technology choices with clear processes. Build for performance from day one. Map customer journeys, measure load times on core pages, and identify bottlenecks in the checkout and product pages. Choose scalable hosting, a global CDN, and a fast database. Small improvements now pay off during busy seasons. ...
VoIP and WebRTC: Real-time Communication Then and Now Real-time communication is now an everyday tool. It grew in two waves: VoIP, which moved calls into the internet era, and WebRTC, a browser-first approach that lets people talk without extra apps. This article looks at how we arrived here and what it means today for users and builders. VoIP began as enterprise software. Companies used signaling schemes like SIP or H.323 to start calls and mix voice with data. Media traveled over RTP and often needed gateways to pass through firewalls. Early setups required technical know-how and dedicated servers for reliability and scale. ...
Web3, Blockchain, and the Future of the Internet Web3, Blockchain, and the Future of the Internet explains a shift toward online services that prioritize user control, transparency, and open access. The idea is simple: technology built on shared ledgers can prove ownership and enforce rules without relying on a single company. This changes how we publish, pay, and participate online, making it easier for people to collaborate across borders. Blockchain is a distributed ledger that records transactions on many computers. Each entry becomes part of a permanent, verifiable history. Because it runs across many independent machines, no single actor can rewrite the past without consent. That transparency helps reduce fraud and increases trust in digital interactions. ...
WebRTC in Real-Time Applications WebRTC is an open standard that lets browsers and apps exchange audio, video, and data in real time. It runs in the browser, without plug-ins, and uses a few key pieces to make a live connection. The signaling step is not defined by WebRTC, so developers choose their own method to exchange offers, answers, and candidates. With careful design, you can build smooth, private conversations and fast data transfer. Signaling can be simple or robust, with retry logic and message authentication. ...
Networking Protocols: IP, TCP, HTTP, and Beyond Networks connect devices by exchanging small messages called packets. Today, three core ideas guide most of the Internet: IP addresses provide location, TCP offers reliable streams, and HTTP moves information between clients and servers. Together they form a layered model that is easier to study than it sounds. IP handles addressing and routing. An IP address is like a street address for a device. IPv4 uses four numbers, while IPv6 uses longer hex blocks. Each IP packet carries a header with source and destination, plus a payload. Routers look at the destination and forward the packet toward its goal. Most Internet traffic travels through many networks before reaching the final computer. ...
Web Servers: Architecture, Tuning, and Security Web servers sit between users and applications. They handle static files, proxy dynamic content, and enforce security policies. A solid setup balances speed, reliability, and security, even during traffic spikes. Clear architecture, thoughtful tuning, and strong protections help keep sites responsive and safe for users worldwide. Architecture Two common models dominate today. Event-driven servers like Nginx handle many connections with small, predictable resources. Multi-process servers, historically seen in older Apache setups, use separate workers. For most sites, a reverse proxy in front of app servers improves scalability, offloads TLS, and enables caching. The exact mix depends on traffic shape, content type, and deployment goals. A simple guideline: put the heavy lifting behind the proxy, serve static files directly when possible, and place dynamic work behind resilient application layers. ...
Web Servers: Architecture, Performance, and Security Web servers are the software that speak HTTP and deliver pages, images, or APIs. They sit at the edge of the network and usually work with load balancers and content delivery networks. Knowing how they are built helps you make better choices for speed, reliability, and safety. Architecture basics Monolithic setups keep most work in one place, which is simple for small sites but harder to scale. Front-end proxies like Nginx, Apache, or HAProxy terminate TLS and distribute requests to back-end services. Back-end app servers run your code in languages such as Python, Node.js, Go, or Java. Caching layers store frequently used data and assets; Redis or Memcached speed up dynamic pages, while a CDN handles static content closer to users. Performance strategies ...
VoIP and WebRTC for Real Time Communication VoIP and WebRTC help people talk, chat, and share video over the internet. VoIP is the traditional way, often using SIP signaling and RTP media. WebRTC is newer, built into modern browsers and mobile apps, and it focuses on direct media between peers with built-in security and NAT traversal. What they are VoIP refers to voice over Internet Protocol. It usually relies on servers to handle signaling and call routing. WebRTC lets browsers and apps capture audio and video, encode it, and send it over the network. It also includes security features and the ability to connect across different networks. ...
Communication Protocols Explained: From TCP to QUIC People use the internet every day, but the path data takes is often unseen. This article walks through the main protocols that move information between devices. We start with TCP and UDP, then look at TLS and HTTP variants, and finish with QUIC, the engine behind HTTP/3. The goal is to help you understand speed, reliability, and security in plain terms. Understanding the basics TCP, or Transmission Control Protocol, creates a reliable channel. It uses a three-way handshake to open a connection and checks that every byte arrives in order. If something is missing, it asks for a resend. UDP, in contrast, is simple and fast. It has no built-in delivery guarantee, ordering, or recovery, which makes it lighter for real-time tasks like games or voice calls. ...