REST and GraphQL: choosing the right API style

APIs drive many apps, so choosing between REST and GraphQL matters. REST uses a set of resources and standard HTTP methods. GraphQL uses a single endpoint and lets clients request exactly what they need. The right choice depends on data complexity, team skills, and how your frontends will fetch data.

REST shines when

• You work with simple, stable resources
• HTTP caching and stateless calls matter
• Your team already uses REST conventions and tooling

GraphQL shines when

• Frontends require many fields or different data shapes
• Data needs vary by client or over time
• You want to reduce round trips on slower networks

Practical guidelines:

• Start with REST for straightforward CRUD surfaces.
• Consider GraphQL for dashboards, mobile apps, or highly dynamic UIs.
• A hybrid approach can help: offer REST for core resources and GraphQL for aggregated queries.

Examples: REST looks like GET /api/users and GET /api/posts?limit=20. GraphQL looks like query { users { id name posts { title } } }.

Caching and versioning:

• REST caches well with HTTP headers and conventional versioning.
• GraphQL caching often uses persisted queries or client-side caches; plan permissions and validation.

Security and tooling:

• GraphQL needs clear field-level permissions and rate limits; keep a simple schema to avoid leaks.
• Use tooling like OpenAPI for REST designs and a strong GraphQL schema for the GraphQL API.

Conclusion: Choosing between REST and GraphQL is not an all-or-nothing decision. Many teams blend both, using REST for stable resources and GraphQL for flexible, client-driven data requests. The key is to align the API style with your data needs, client expectations, and your team’s strengths.

Key Takeaways

• REST works well for stable resources and easy HTTP caching.
• GraphQL fits complex UIs and flexible data shaping.
• A thoughtful mix or hybrid approach often offers the best balance.