Global Accessibility in Web and Apps

Accessibility is about making digital spaces usable for people with different abilities around the world. When websites and apps are accessible, more people can read, navigate, and complete tasks with less effort. This helps students, workers, shoppers, and older users who rely on assistive technology.

Global guidelines like WCAG provide a shared baseline. They cover color contrast, keyboard navigation, readable text, and accessible forms. For developers, the practical goal is to use semantic HTML, meaningful headings, descriptive labels, and predictable focus order.

Practical steps for the web:

  • Use semantic HTML elements: header, main, nav, article, footer, and proper heading order.
  • Provide text alternatives: alt text for images; captions for video.
  • Ensure color contrast meets guidance and avoid relying on color alone for meaning.
  • Make all interactive elements reachable by keyboard and show a clear focus outline.
  • Label form fields clearly, provide helpful error messages, and group related controls with fieldset and legend when appropriate.
  • Use ARIA sparingly and only to fill gaps that HTML cannot cover.
  • Test with assistive technology and real users, not just automated tools.

In mobile apps, follow platform guidelines and support accessibility features. Support dynamic text sizes, scalable UI, large touch targets, and proper labeling. Screen readers like VoiceOver and TalkBack should read elements in a logical order.

Testing tips: run automated checks, then test with screen readers on iOS and Android, and finally invite people with disabilities to try the product. Observe tasks like finding a product, filling a form, or completing a checkout.

Accessibility is a shared responsibility and a service to all users. When it is built in from the start, products are easier to use and reach a wider audience.

Key Takeaways

  • Accessibility benefits everyone and expands the audience.
  • Follow WCAG and test with assistive technology.
  • Start with semantic HTML and accessible components.