Ftp

Communication Protocols in Global Networks Global networks depend on a family of communication protocols. These rules govern how data packets move from one device to another, how connections start and end, and how errors are detected and corrected. A clear protocol stack lets devices from phones to servers work together across countries and networks with varying speeds. Core protocols and layers IP provides addresses and the path data should follow. Each packet carries a destination and a route through routers. Transport protocols include TCP, which ensures reliable delivery with retries, and UDP, which favors speed when perfect delivery is not required. Application protocols sit on top of the transport layer. HTTP/HTTPS moves web content; DNS translates names to addresses; SMTP, IMAP, and POP handle mail. Security and privacy ...