The Fundamentals of Computer Architecture: from Transistors to Systems
The Fundamentals of Computer Architecture: from Transistors to Systems Computer architecture is how a computer’s parts are chosen and arranged to work together. It starts with tiny switches called transistors and ends with full systems that run software daily. The journey from transistors to systems shows how physics, math, and engineering affect speed, power, and reliability in laptops, phones, and servers. At the lowest level, transistors form logic gates. These gates combine into circuits that perform basic tasks like adding numbers or storing a bit. Designers translate this physical world into a language computers understand through the instruction set architecture, or ISA, which names the commands software can use. ...